The Persian Gulf Arab States in Relation to a Potential U.S. and Israeli Attack on Iran: Roles, Costs, and Future Scenarios
The Persian Gulf states find themselves in a complex and multi-layered position in the conflict between the U.S.–Israeli axis and Iran, where their strategic choices have the potential to significantly shape the future of the region. The continuation of a defensive posture, while less costly and more conducive to faster recovery and reconstruction, would still mean the persistence of uncertainty and ongoing economic pressure. It may reduce immediate military risks, but it does not fully eliminate long-term security concerns or regional instability.
