The Centre for Strategic and Regional Studies (CSRS)
Iran’s forced deportation of Afghan migrants represents a clear violation of international law, particularly the 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees. The main reasons for this forced deportation have been security concerns in Iran, economic deterioration in the country, concealing intelligence failures, and gaining public satisfaction and support.
An examination of the role of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) shows that it has played an important part in shaping discourse, guiding Islamic countries, and fostering apparent unity through its regular meetings and declarations. However, in light of the points discussed above, a reassessment of the OIC’s positions in diplomacy suggests the need for a fundamental review of its approaches, priorities, and tools for cooperation among Islamic countries within their foreign policy frameworks.
Until recently, the chances of a direct war between Israel and Iran seemed low. Both countries were deterred by fear of one another, particularly because Iran, through its network of proxy groups known as the Axis of Resistance, was able to keep pressure on Israel.
Although a direct war between Turkey and Israel is not yet a reality, rising political, military, and ideological tensions could push both countries closer to open conflict.
The trilateral meetings between Afghanistan, Pakistan, and China were initiated at a time when tensions between Afghanistan and Pakistan had reached a peak, and armed conflict within Afghanistan was intensifying.
The visit of Amir Khan Muttaqi to Qatar reflects the broader efforts of the Islamic Emirate to help Afghanistan move beyond its current crisis. Taking place amid international sanctions and ongoing humanitarian challenges, the trip focused on key areas such as political engagement, economic support, and humanitarian aid. Through meetings with Qatari officials, the Islamic Emirate aimed to gain greater international legitimacy while strengthening Qatar’s role as a strategic mediator and partner. In this context, the Emirate seeks to boost economic ties, attract foreign investment, and expand trade relations, although significant challenges remain.
The recent incident in Pahalgam has heightened tensions between India and Pakistan. As a result, India has suspended the Indus Waters Treaty, while Pakistan has delayed the Shimla Agreement.
Saudi Arabia, once a staunch supporter of the Islamic Emirate, severed its ties following global and regional shifts concerning Afghanistan. In alignment with international sentiment at the time, largely opposed to the Islamic Emirate, Riyadh sought to delegitimize the Emirate’s struggle by portraying it as religiously unjustified.
President Trump’s financial policies toward NATO, particularly his demands for European countries to contribute more to defense spending, may have strengthened NATO’s financial resources.
In summary, the closure of the Torkham Gate is not in the interest of either side. Although a recent tribal jirga (council) was held between the two parties, resulting in a ceasefire, no decision has been made yet to reopen the gate.
