Civilian casualties in the past years, attribution of the responsibility of civilian casualties, ISIS\u2019s role in the civilian casualties and the reasons behind increase in civilian casualties are the issues that will be discuss here.<\/span><\/p>\n The background of civilian casualties in Afghanistan<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n Following the communist coup d\u2019\u00e9tat and the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan civilian casualties increased in the country. The Soviet War in Afghanistan left 0.85 to 1.5 million of civilians\u2019 deaths and around 3 million wounded.<\/span><\/p>\n However there are no reliable statistics about civilian casualties during Afghan Civil War, but according to United Nations (UN) calculations only between May and August of the 1992, around 1800 civilian were killed in Kabul city from rockets and mortars; based on another estimation of the UN in 1994 around 25 thousands of people were killed only in Kabul and most of them were civilians.<\/span><\/p>\n Civilian casualties (2001-2015)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n In 2001, when the US and Coalition forces attacked Afghanistan the number of civilian casualties increased and had reached around 2375 casualties. Later from 2002 to 2006 a total of 2422 civilians were killed. It should be noted that this statistic was not put together by any official administration or organ and is only a result of individual efforts by researchers.<\/span><\/p>\n UNAMA began documenting civilian casualties in 2007 but its annual reports in 2007 and 2008 are different than its reports in 2009 and the years after that from a methodological point of view.<\/span><\/p>\n If one study UNAMA\u2019s annual report on civilian casualties in Afghanistan, the statistics of the civilian casualties provided by this institution would lead one to conclude that whenever insecurity has increased or the war has intensified between the Taliban on one side and the Afghan Government and foreign force on the other side, the civilian casualties has also increased. After 2007, every year (except 2012) the civilian casualties have increased (see the Chart-1 for further information). In 2007 there were 1523 civilian casualties while in 2015 this number increased to 11002.<\/span><\/p>\n Since 2009, the number of civilian casualties has increased annually but the number of civilian deaths decreased in 2012 and 2015 (see the Chart-1 for further info).<\/span><\/p>\n It should be noted that in this statistics UNAMA has not included those incidents of civilian casualties which were not verified or were out of the reach of UNAMA; and neither the casualties caused by drone attacks and the foreign forces are included in these statistics.<\/span><\/p>\n \n Attribution of responsibility for civilian casualties<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n The annual report of UNAMA demonstrates that in 2015 the civilian casualties have unprecedentedly increased. In this year, 3545 civilians are death and 7457 civilians are injured. UNAMA attributes 62% of the civilian casualties to Anti-Government Elements and 17% to Pro-Government forces. The report further says that from 2007 to 2014 more civilian are harmed annually in the attacks of the government\u2019s armed oppositions. 700 civilians in 2007 and 7643 civilians in 2014 were the victims of the attacks carried out by the armed oppositions. But according to the UNAMA\u2019s annual report in 2015 the numbers of the civilian casualties by the armed oppositions has decreased and has declined to 6859 civilians.<\/span><\/p>\n According to UNAMA the term \u201cAnti-Government Elements\u201d encompass all individuals and groups involved in war against the Government of Afghanistan including the Taliban, Hezb-e-Islami, Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan, Islamic Jihad Union, Lashkari Tayyiba, Jaysh Mohammad, ISIS and other armed oppositions.<\/span><\/p>\n On the other hand the number of civilians attributed to the Pro-Government forces show decrease and increase in different times. This number has decreased in 2010 and 2012 but has begun to increase after 2012. In 2015 the civilian casualties caused by the Pro-Government forces has reached maximum levels compared to the past years, in this year the Pro-Government forces were responsible for 1854 civilian casualties (see the Chart-2 for further info).<\/span><\/p>\n![\"En-1\"](\"https:\/\/csrsaf.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2016\/02\/En-11.jpg\")
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